Understanding UTP Cable
UTP Cable (Unshielded Twisted Pair) cable is used as a
media liaison between the computer and networking equipment (hub or switch). UTP cable
is one of the most popular cable currently in use to make
computer network. Compared with other cable UTP cable is a cable that
often used to create a computer network .. This cable contains four pairs (pair)
each pair cables twisted his (twisted) or spiral or mutually arranged berlilitan. fourth
cable pairs (eight wires) the contents of the cable into a single copper cable
berisolator. These cables are not equipped with protective (unshilded) making it less resistant
to electromagnetic interference. What is meant by the UTP cable is only
cord, whereas for the imputation of the computer in need of a connector.
Connectors (8P8C) is commonly called an RJ-45 (RJ = registers jack) is a pair of
UTP cable.
UTP cable has a characteristic that is:
Connector in use at the end of the cable (all type / category) is UTP RJ45
consists of 4 pairs (pair) cables are untwisted (twisted).
1 pair for Tx (send information) is the pin number 1 (TX +) and 2 (TX-).
1 pair for Rx (receive information) is on pin number 3 (RX +) and 6 (RX-).
2 pairs of unused (Not Connected), interchangeable used to send electric power
(power over Ethernet) to dole devices that are on the ends of UTP cable
straight cable: if A is connected directly to the ends of the tip B (TXA-TXB, RXA-RXB).
cable cross: if end A with end B cross connected (TXA-RXB, RXA-TXB).
straight cable is used to connect a computer to a hub (switch)
cross cable is used to connect the hub (switch) with a hub (switch) the other.
The maximum length of UTP cable wearable for channel information is 50
meter.Kategori UTP Cable
UTP cable has several categories. In each of these categories has
berbeda.walaupun usability and functionality that we will not use all of ketogori
UTP cable but we need to know the usability and functionality of each - each category
The.
Category 1
a UTP cable with low transmission quality, which is designed to
supports connection or analog voice communications only. CAT1 cable used before
1983 for connecting analog telephone Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) and
ISDN. The electrical characteristics of the cable makes CAT1
less suitable for use as a cable for transmitting digital data in the
computer networks, and because that was never used for that purpose.
Category 2
is a UTP cable with better transmission quality than the
UTP Category 1 (CAT1), which is designed to support data and voice communications
digital. These cables can transmit data up to 4 megabits per second (4Mbps).
Often, this cable is used to connect the nodes in the network with
Token Ring network technology and protocol LocalTalk (Apple) from IBM. characteristics
electricity from CAT2 cable less suitable if used as a cable network today.
Category 3
UTP cable is the quality of data transmission is designed for network
with frequencies up to 16MHz and more popular with the ethernet protocol
data rates up to 10 Mbps. Cat3 UTP cable using the wire-wire 24-gauge copper
in configuration 4 pairs of twisted wires (twisted-pair) that is protected by
insulation. Cat3 is a cable that has the lowest ability (when viewed from
development of Ethernet technology), because it only supports network 10BaseT. Often, this type of cable used by the IBM Token Ring network
4 megabits per second speed, in lieu of CAT2.
Category 4
is a UTP cable with better transmission quality than the
UTP Category 3 (Cat3), which is designed to support data and voice communications
speeds up to 16 megabits per second, so it can be used for protocol 16 Mbps
Token Ring (IBM) with data rates up to 20 Mbps. These cables use a wire
copper 22-gauge or 24-gauge wire in a configuration of four pairs of twisted
(twisted pair) which is protected by insulation. This cable can support Ethernet network
10BaseT, but often used in IBM's Token Ring network of 16 megabits per second.
Category 5
is wired to the transmission quality is much better than the
kategory 4 UTP cable, which is designed to support voice and data communications on
speeds up to 100 megabits per second (100Mbps). These cables use copper wire
the configuration of the four pairs of twisted wires (twisted pair) and is protected by
insulation. This cable has been standardized by the Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) and
Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA). Cat5 cable can support network
Ethernet (10BaseT), Fast Ethernet (100BaseT), until Etheret Gigabit (1000BaseT). cables
This is the most popular cables, optical fiber cables given a better price
almost two times more expensive than the Cat5 cable. because it has
better electrical characteristics, Cat5 cable is recommended for cable
all network installations. characteristics
Value at a frequency of 10 MHz value at a frequency of 100 MHz Attenuation 20dB / 1000
foot 22dB / 1000ka. Near-end Cross- Talk 47 dB / 32.3 dB 1000 feet / 1000 feet
Resistance 28.6 Ohm / 1000 feet 28.6 Ohm / 100 Ohm Impedance 1000 feet
(± 15%) of 100 Ohms (± 15%) Kapasitansi18 picoFarad / foot 18 picoFarad / kak
Structural return loss 16 dB Delay skew Db 16 45 nanoseconds / 100 meters 45 nanoseconds / 100
meterKategori 5e
Same frequency and speed with cat-5, but more support gigabyte ethernet
the network. Category 5e cable is also called Enhanced Category 5, because these cables
an improved version of CAT5 UTP cable, which offers capabilities that
better than the regular Cat5. This cable is capable of supporting frequencies
up to 250 MHz, which is recommended for use in the network
Gigabit Ethernet, although it uses UTP Category 6 cable is recommended
to achieve the highest performance.
Category 5 UTP cabling:
Category 5 UTP cabling UTP Category 5 cabling Straight Crossover In
connect an Ethernet network using Category 5 UTP cable, there
two wiring strategies, namely CrossOver cable and Straight-through cable. differences
Straight Cross-Over cable and cable troughs. Crossover cables are used to
connecting two devices with the same NIC NIC, a router with a router danhub
with the hub. Cable CrissOver T568A T568A or T568B vs vs T568 (more often
used), both ends of the structure: putihoranye putihhijau-green-blue-orange-putihbiru-putihcoklat-
brown. Straight-through cables are used to connect a NIC with
NIC to the hub or switch, pc with routers / hubs / switches, and hubs with routers.
Using the T568 vs. T568A. One end of the structure: putihoranye-orange-blue-putihhijau
putihbiru-green-brown-putihcoklat structure and the other end: putihhijau-green-putihoranye-
putihbiru-blue-orange-putihcoklat-coklat.Kategori 6
Speeds up to 250Mbps or more than two times the cat-5 and cat-5e.
Picture category 6 cable.
Category 6a
Cables future to speed up to 10Gbps.
Category 7
Designed to work at frequencies up to 600MHz
Based on the capacity of UTP cable can be differentiated into 3 category (cat):
UTP cat 3 for 10Base-T system (Standard Ethernet) with 10Mbps speed.
UTP cat 5 for 100Base-T system (Fast Ethernet) with a speed of 100Mbps.
Enhanced cat 5 UTP for 1000Base-T system (Gigabit Ethernet) with speed
1Gbps.
UTP Cable Installation
Of the 8 wires (4 pair) UTP cable, which is actually in use only 4 wires (two
pair). two wires for TX or transfer of data and two wires to the RX or receive data.
Although only four wires are used, we should not carelessly take
any cables that will be used. The cable used to be two pair or two
pairs. Signs of the plug wires are the wires wrapped around each other and have a color
/ Same stripe. According to standard TIA / EIA-568-B pair cable used is
pair orange-orange-green white and green pins are used putih.Sementara of eight pins that held the unused RJ-45 is
Pin numbers while the numbers 4-5-7-8 1-2-3-6 unused to transfer and receive
Data Alias idle.
The following standard cable arrangement according to the color on stright position and the position
cross.
Crossover / cross cable is a cable that manually mapping the output signal at the
connector to the input connector in one of her again or TX + of one connector in Maping
The connector to the RX + and TX the other - on the one to the RX connector - The connector
other.
Cable arrangement based TX and RX are as follows. Please click on the image table
below.
Cross cable used for connection of PC to PC / PC to the Router, Anyway all
connection of devices that typically connect through a switch or hub but mounted
directly. Here is an example of the position of the cable in a crossover condition.
The leftmost image is the position of the color on one side and the other side by
T568A and T568B international standards. Connector number is calculated from the left
the condition of the connector pins facing kita.Gambar middle is an example of cross wires are already finished and the next image is
examples of cross-over adapter is a tool that can make the cable stright into cross
if you do not want to change the connectors by cutting her.
As for stright cable you do not have to bother thinking you can just cross over
equalize the position of the cable on one side with the other side.
Installation / Stringing Cable (Cremping)
1) Prepare all the equipment, especially cables, RJ-45 connectors and crimping tool.
2) Peel the outer wires (cables wrapping small) approximately 1 cm long
by using a cable stripper that normally exist in the crimp tool (part
like two pieces of a razor blade to peel the line of sight)
3) Arrange the cable as appropriate. For the first connector is always stacking
with a standard arrangement for Stright or T568A. If you feel less
comfortable with the arrangement of wires trying to pull a bit of all the cables that have been peeled
while the other hand holds the cable that is not peeling.
Then set back by twisting and unwinding the pair
cable.
4) Clean up your incorrect cable arrangement by pressing the close to
cable wrapping cable arrangement that looks average.
5) Cut the ends of the wires are not flush with the cable cutter (part
only have one knife and one part again is flat on the crimp tool
cable cutter) until neat. Keep the distance between the cord wrapping
end of the cable is not more than 1cm.
6) Keeping pressing the border between the cable and the cable wrapped
not wrapped, try to enter the cable into the RJ-45 connector to the end of the cable look at the front of the RJ-45 connector. If you still do not try to continue
pressed while certainly not change the position of the cable.
7) Once you are sure the cables are not changed and the cable is properly entered
RJ-45 connector to the next input RJ-45 connector to the tool crimpt
to in the press. When the conditions inside the connector crimp tool you can
make sure the cable is fully back dapet touch the RJ-45
by pushing the cable into the RJ-45. Make sure also that the
cable wrapping partially into the RJ-45 connector.
8) Then you can press the crimp tool every effort so that all pin RJ-45
enter and penetrate small UTP cable protector. If you are not strong
suppress the possibility of UTP cable is not torn by pin RJ-45 so that the cable
it does not connect. And if the outer packaging is not entered into the
RJ-45 connector, if the cable is often digerak movement, the possibility
large cable going to shift position and even dislodged.
9) Perform the above steps for the other end of the cable it again.
10) If you believe already installed UTP cable to the RJ-45 with strong
The next was a test by using the LAN tester if any. if the
you do not have a LAN tester do not worry you can just look back cable
already installed, make sure that you are strong enough to install it
and all the ends of the cable visible from the front of the RJ-45 could almost
UTP cabling is certainly a success.
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